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Rev. argent. cardiol ; 88(6): 517-524, nov. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251038

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: La cardiología tiene un rol protagónico en el control y el tratamiento de las personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). No contamos con datos epidemiológicos locales acerca de los pacientes con DM2 asistidos por la especialidad. Objetivos: Evaluar las características clínicas, enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) y tratamiento de personas con DM2 en el consultorio de cardiología. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional en 17 provincias de la Argentina durante 3 meses. Resultados: Se incluyeron 694 pacientes. La edad media fue de 64.7 ± 10.5 años, con un tiempo de evolución de la DM2 de 10.7 ± 9.3 años, índice de masa corporal de 32 ± 5,9 kg/m2, HbA1c de 7,3 ± 1,6 % y tensión arterial 135/80 mmHg. El 70% de los pacientes presentaba 2 o más factores de riesgo. El 48,1% presentaba ECV y el 40,9% enfermedad microvascular (31,4% nefropatía, 10,5% retinopatía, 8,3% neuropatía, 3,3% pie diabético). El 57,3% se encontraban con antiagregantes, 84,3% con inhibidores del sistema renina/angiotensina/aldosterona (iECAS/ARAII), 79,5% con estatinas. Asimismo, el 85,9% recibía metformina, seguido de inhibidores de la dipeptidil peptidasa-4 (iDDP4) (24,1%), insulina (22,2%), sulfonilureas (SU) (14,3%), inhibidores del cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 2 (iSGLT2) (9,8%), agonistas del receptor glucagón like (arGLP1) (3%) y glitazonas (1,3%). El 55,9% tenía HbA1c < = 7%, 61,7% TA <140/90 mmHg, 58,5% LDL <100 mg/dl y 28,5% LDL <70 mg/dl. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los pacientes con DM2 presentaba dos o más factores de riesgo cardiovasculares y una elevada prevalencia de complicaciones asociadas. Observamos un bajo alcance de los objetivos terapéuticos, así como también un bajo uso de fármacos con beneficio cardiovascular.


ABSTRACT Background: Cardiology has a leading role in the control and treatment of persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). We do not have local epidemiological data about patients with DM2 treated by cardiologists. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and treatment of patients with DM2 attending a cardiology office. Methods: We conducted and observational study in 17 provinces of Argentina during three months. Results: A total of 694 patients were included in the study. Mean age was 64.7±10.5 years, time of disease progression 10.7±9.3 years, body mass index 32±5.9 kg/m2, HbA1c 7.3%±1.6, and blood pressure 135/80 mm Hg. Seventy percent of the patients presented two or more risk factors, 48.1% had CVD and microvascular disease was present in 40.9% of cases (kidney disease in 31.4%, retinopathy in 10.5%, neuropathy in 8.3% and diabetic foot in 3.3%). Patients were receiving antiplatelet agents in 57.3% of cases, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEIs/ARBs) in 84.3% and 79.5% were treated with statins. Hypoglycemic agents included metformin in 85.9% of patients, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors in 24.1%, sulfonylureas (SU) in 14.3%, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in 9.8%, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in 3% and glitazones in 1.3%. HbA1C levels ≤7% were achieved by 55.9% of patients, BP <140/90 mm Hg by 61.7%, and LDL-C <100 mg/dL by 58.5% and <70 mg/dL by 28.5%. Conclusions: Most patients with DM2 presented two or more cardiovascular risk factors and a high prevalence of associated complications. Treatment goals were achieved by a low number of patients and the use of medications with demonstrated cardiovascular benefit was low.

2.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 88(5): 465-468, set. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251022

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: La hipertensión es uno de los principales factores que aumentan la "carga" de la enfermedad aterosclerótica. Objetivo: Analizar las características, el tratamiento y el grado de control en pacientes atendidos por cardiólogos en nuestra zona de influencia. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en 13 consultorios de cardiología donde se analizaron las características clínicas, tensión arterial y tratamiento farmacológico. Resultados: Se enrolaron 519 pacientes en 3 meses, hombres: 44,9%, edad: 61,5 años, tiempo de hipertensión: 11,2 años, enfermedad cardiovascular: 24%, tensión arterial promedio: 133/79,8 mmHg. Entre los pacientes sin enfermedad cardiovascular, el 73% tenían riesgo cardiovascular bajo (<10%). El 39,1% recibía dos drogas; el 26,8%, tres; el 24,7%, uno; el 7,9% cuatro; y el 1,35%, cinco drogas. Finalmente, el 60,5% de los pacientes estaba en el objetivo de tensión arterial (<140/90 mmHg). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con hipertensión evaluados en nuestra área geográfica presentaban bajo riesgo cardiovascular y alto uso de combinaciones farmacológicas. El 60% alcanzaban los objetivos de tensión arterial.


ABSTRACT Background: Hypertension is one of the main factors that increase the "burden" of atherosclerotic disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics, treatment and degree of control in patients treated by cardiologists in our area of influence. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 13 cardiology offices analyzing hypertensive patients' clinical characteristics, blood pressure and pharmacological treatment. Results: A total of 519 patients with the following characteristics were enrolled during a 3-month period: 44.9% were men, mean age was 61.5 years, the spell of hypertension was 11.2 years, 24% of patients had cardiovascular disease and mean blood pressure was 133/79.8 mmHg. Among patients without cardiovascular disease, 73% had low cardiovascular risk (<10%). Hypertensive treatment showed that 39.1% of patients were receiving two drugs, 26.8% three, 24.7% one, 7.9% four and 1.35% five drugs. Finally, 60.5% of patients was within the target blood pressure (<140/90 mmHg). Conclusions: Hypertensive patients evaluated in our geographical area presented low cardiovascular risk and high use of pharmacological combinations. Pressure targets were achieved in 60% of cases.

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